Missle

=__Missile__=

__By THE URS__

__Research strings:__  During World War Two the Germans invented the first Air to Air missile, the wire guided X-4, which had a range of 3.5km, but it did not reach service due to the constant bombing of German factories. The first operational Air to Air missile was Hughes' AIM-4 Falcon missile of the United States. The missile did not have much change on Air to Air combat. Although the range between the two aircraft increased because of the AIM-4 it still was inside visual range.

 **__What is it?__** Etymology

The word missile comes from the [|Latin] verb mittere, meaning "to send". In military parlance, powered/guided munitions are broadly categorised as follows: A common further sub-division is to consider [|ballistic missile] to mean a munition that follows a [|ballistic trajectory] and [|cruise missile] to describe a munition that generates lift.
 * A powered, guided munition that travels through the air or space is known as a missile (or guided missile.)
 * A powered, unguided munition is known as a [|rocket].
 * Unpowered munitions are called [|bombs] whether guided or not; unpowered, guided munitions are known as [|guided bombs] or "smart bombs".
 * Guided munitions that are fired from a gun are known as [|shells].
 * Powered munitions that travel through water are called [|torpedoes].


 * Where was it invented? **

__** How has it changed over time? **__

Early development
See also: [|History of rockets] The first missiles to be used operationally were a series of [|missiles] developed by [|Nazi Germany] in [|World War II]. Most famous of these are the [|V-1 flying bomb] and [|V-2], both of which used a simple mechanical [|autopilot] to keep the missile flying along a pre-chosen route. Less well known were a series of anti-shipping and anti-aircraft missiles, typically based on a simple [|radio control] system directed by the operator. However, these early systems in World War 2 were only built in small numbers.

**second date**:

Guidance systems
Main article: [|Missile guidance] Missiles may be targeted in a number of ways. The most common method is to use some form of [|radiation], such as [|infrared], [|lasers] or [|radio waves], to guide the missile onto its target. This radiation may emanate from the target (such as the heat of an engine or the radio waves from an enemy radar), it may be provided by the missile itself (such as a radar) or it may be provided by a friendly third party (such as the radar of the launch vehicle/platform, or a laser designator operated by friendly [|infantry]). The first two are often known as [|fire-and-forget] as they need no further support or control from the launch vehicle/platform in order to function. Another method is to use a [|TV camera]—using either [|visible light] or infra-red—in order to see the target. The picture may be used either by a human operator who steers the missile onto its target, or by a computer doing much the same job. Many missiles use a combination of two or more of the above methods, to improve accuracy and the chances of a successful engagement.

Targeting systems
Another method is to target the missile by knowing the location of the target, and using a guidance system such as [|INS], [|TERCOM] or [|GPS]. This guidance system guides the missile by knowing the missile's current position and the position of the target, and then calculating a course between them. This job can also be performed somewhat crudely by a human operator who can see the target and the missile, and guides it using either cable or [|radio] based remote-control.

Flight system
Whether a guided missile uses a targeting system, a guidance system or both, it needs a flight system. The flight system uses the data from the targeting or guidance system to maneuver the missile in flight, allowing it to counter inaccuracies in the missile or to follow a moving target. There are two main systems: vectored thrust (for missiles that are powered throughout the guidance phase of their flight) and aerodynamic maneuvering (wings, fins, canards, etc).

Basic roles
Missiles are generally categorized by their launch platform and intended target. In broadest terms, these will either be surface (ground or water) or air, and then sub-categorized by range and the exact target type (such as anti-tank or anti-ship). Many weapons are designed to be launched from both surface or the air, and a few are designed to attack either surface or air targets (such as the [|ADATS] missile). Most weapons require some modification in order to be launched from the air or ground, such as adding [|boosters] to the ground launched version.

Surface-to-Surface/Air-to-Surface
Main articles: [|Surface-to-surface missile] and [|Air-to-surface missile]







Main article: [|Anti-tank guided missile] By the end of WWII all forces had widely introduced unguided rockets using [|HEAT] warheads as their major anti-tank weapon (see [|Panzerfaust], [|Bazooka]). However these had a limited useful range of a 100 m or so, and the Germans were looking to extend this with the use of a missile using [|wire guidance], the X-7. After the war this became a major design class in the later 1950s, and by the 1960s had developed into practically the only non-tank anti-tank system in general use. During the 1973 [|Yom Kippur War] between Israel and Egypt, the [|9M14 Malyutka] (aka "Sagger") man-portable anti-tank missile proved potent against Israeli tanks. While other guidance systems have been tried, the basic reliability of wire-guidance means this will remain the primary means of controlling anti-tank missile in the near future. Anti tank missiles may be launched from aircraft, vehicles or by ground troops in the case of smaller weapons.

Anti-aircraft


Air-to-air A [|F-22] fires an [|AIM-120 AMRAAM]

Soviet [|RS-82 rockets] were successfully tested in combat at the [|Battle of Khalkhin Gol] in 1939. German experience in WWII demonstrated that destroying a large aircraft was quite difficult, and they had invested considerable effort into [|air-to-air missile] systems to do this. Their [|Me-262]'s jets often carried R4M rockets, and other types of "bomber destroyer" aircraft had unguided rockets as well. In the post-war period the R4M served as the pattern for a number of similar [|systems], used by almost all interceptor aircraft during the 1940s and '50s. Lacking guidance systems, such rockets had to be carefully aimed at relatively close range to successfully hit the target. The [|US Navy] and [|USAF] began deploying guided missiles in the early 1950s, most famous being the US Navy's [|AIM-9 Sidewinder] and [|USAF]'s [|AIM-4 Falcon]. These systems have continued to advance, and modern air warfare consists almost entirely of missile firing. In the [|Falklands War], less powerful British [|Harriers] were able to defeat faster Argentinian opponents using AIM-9G missiles provided by the [|United States] as the conflict began. The latest heat-seeking designs can lock onto a target from various angles, not just from behind, where the heat signature from the engines is strongest. Other types rely on radar guidance (either on-board or "painted" by the launching aircraft). Air to Air missiles also have a wide range of sizes, ranging from helicopter launched self defense weapons with a range of a few kilometers, to long range weapons designed for interceptor aircraft such as the [|Vympel R-37].

Other stuff
All most all the army teams have invented lots of missiles and the newer the missile the more power full.Missiles were invented for war and other war stuff. All missiles are used for the same thing even today FOR WAR.So do not get killed by a missile and if you do fail.

[|Martin **MGM-1** //Matador//] [|General Dynamics (Convair) **RIM-2** //Terrier//] [|Western Electric **MIM-3** //Nike Ajax//] [|Hughes **AIM-4** //Falcon//] [|JPL/Firestone **MGM-5** //Corporal//] [|Vought **RGM-6** //Regulus//] [|Raytheon **AIM/RIM-7** //Sparrow//] [|Bendix **RIM-8** //Talos//] [|Raytheon (Philco/G.E.) **AIM-9** //Sidewinder//] [|Boeing **CIM-10** //Bomarc//] [|Chrysler **PGM-11** //Redstone//] [|Martin **AGM-12** //Bullpup//] [|Martin **MGM/CGM-13** //Mace//] [|Western Electric **MIM-14** //Nike Hercules//] [|Vought **RGM-15** //Regulus II//] [|General Dynamics (Convair) **CGM/HGM-16** //Atlas//]